R (Factortame Ltd) v Secretary of State for Transport

Disciplinary law applies to both students and administrative staff of universities. There are rules that prescribe penalties for individuals who intentionally disrupt the institution's operations with illegal acts. However, these rules are largely ineffective. There is a prevailing culture of impunity, even in cases of admitted corruption.

The European Union stepped up its rule-of-law fight with member state Poland on Monday when the bloc's highest court confirmed that Warsaw had refused to comply with EU rules on judicial independence for which it has already lost over half a billion euros in fines.

The European Commission decided Thursday to refer Greece and five more countries to the EU Court of Justice (ECJ) for failing to implement provisions in the bloc's regulation on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species.

The five other countries referred to the ECJ are Bulgaria, Ireland, Italy, Latvia and Portugal.

The targets of this tool are, of course, the illiberal governments of Central Europe, with European institutions gradually losing patience with the blatant attempts by the nationalist-populist Hungarian and Polish governing parties to undermine the fundamental values upon which the EU is based.

The decision was made because it did not suspend the disciplinary Chamber of the Supreme Court.
The decision of the European Court of Justice followed after the European Commission requested "financial penalties" in order to ensure respect for the verdict from July, reports the AP agency.

Britain said on Sept. 28 it would grant 12 out of 47 applications for new licenses to small boats from the European Union to fish in its waters, provoking an angry response from France.

French fishermen have become increasingly angry over how Britain has controlled access for EU boats into its waters after it exited the bloc.

EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen (R) welcomes Poland's Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki (L) July 13. Von der Leyen said she had a 'good exchange' with Morawiecki. Photo: EPA/EFE Pascal Rossignol

With 284 votes in favor and 16 "present," lawmakers approved legislation on Wednesday to extend Greece's territorial waters along its western coastline from six to 12 nautical miles.

Europe's highest court on Wednesday said Bulgaria had breached limits for hazardous air pollutants, a ruling environmental groups said would help in their efforts to force countries to take action over poor air quality.

The European Commission is pressuring the government to sort out state nickel producer Larco, either through its privatization or its closure: Brussels has again referred Greece to the European Court of Justice, demanding a huge fine for the non-implementation of the same court's decision on illegal state subsidies to the mining company since 2017.